Which Engine is Best For Fifth Generation AMCA Fighter Jets of India?

Safran Vs Rolls Royce: India to decide on engine Partner for AMCA Program

India’s 5th Generation Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) Program is all set to take off when the Cabinet Committee on Security of the Central Government of India will grant 15000 crores that the developers of the AMCA program are seeking after completion of the critical design review that is planned sometime in early 2022 for the program to kick start fabrication and flight trials of the first aircraft.

The much-delayed decision to select an international partner for the development of a new high thrust engine for the program will also be cleared in 2022 for which additional funds ranging from $4 to $6 billion will be requested and cleared. Defense Expo 2022 might be an ideal place when the new partner might be announced and agreements for the joint venture is likely to be concluded later in 2022.

GTRE/DRDO and HAL officials along with Ministry of Defense and PMO have held talks with French Aerospace engine manufacturer Safran and British Aerospace Giant Rolls-Royce for a joint venture in the development of an engine with 69 kilo Newton Dry Thrust and 110 kilo Newton Wet Thrust for the AMCA Mk2 Variant that will enter production sometime in 2035 onwards.

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Safran offer

Safran has offered its M88-4 Core to be used for the development of the new engine that can generate 69 to 110 kilo Newton thrust for which it is ready to Transfer of Technology for almost all sections of the Core section (Hot Section) that will be mated with the New Fan which DRDO has developed with high distortion tolerance and surge margin for stealth requirements along with an afterburner section.

Safran has asked for around $6 billion in funding that needs to be set up for the development of this engine for which it has agreed to contribute some of its funds. Safran has offered Dassault owned Rafale to be made Flying Test Bed for the new engine program once it is ready for flight certification trials.

Safran will use Rafale powered by One M88-3 engine and One New engine to complete its flight trials in France before it is cleared for production back in India. Safran also wants minimum engine production guarantee factored in the contract so that program is also viable in long run for the company. Using Rafale as a Flying Test Bed will certify to use new engine not for only India but also for other operators who might be interested in a new high-powered engine in near future.

Rolls Royce offer

Rolls Royce has offered the development of a new Core section (Hot Section) that will not be based on the Eurojet EJ-200 Core section rather on a new core that the company claims will be co-developed with India so that India can have complete Intellectual property rights over the new engine along with upgrade options.

Rolls-Royce has given a co-development cost that is similar to what Safran has offered but since the negotiation is still ongoing, we will have to wait till it is officially announced. Rolls-Royce likely will use its Boeing 747-400 flying testbed that is equipped with extensive instrumentation and systems to take sophisticated measurements of engine performance in flight.

69 to 110 kilo Newton thrust New Engine will have a verified growth potential of 20% so that it can be used for other future fighter programs including a turboprop variant that might be used on locally developed future Civilian and Transport aircraft.

The new engine will not be limited only to the AMCA Mk2 program but will be used from 2040 onwards on 170 Tejas Mk2 aircraft when they are due for new engine. TEDBF jets that will be powered by GE-F414 engine too will be later replaced with new engine gradually.

AMCA Replaced F-35 Jets Deal?, K9 Vajra Export, Htse-Shakti Engines, Agni 4P Missile Test

India Rejects American F-35 but Thumbs Up for Make In India Stealth Fighter AMCA

The effort is being led by India’s DRDO and Hindustan Aeronautics Limited for building Make In India 5+ Generation Fighter AMCA which is far better than American F-35 in all aspects.

The Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) program has its roots in an Indian effort to modernize the Indian Air Force stock of older fighters.

The AMCA project has undergone multiple iterations, but the core requirement is for a stealth, single seat multirole fighter. In 2018, India withdrew from the joint Russian Indian Fifth Generation Fighter Aircraft (FGFA) program to manufacture a new fighter based on Russia’s Sukhoi 57 fighter jet.

As a fifth-generation fighter with “sixth generation characteristics,” the AMCA will boast a very low radar cross section for superior stealth performance, integration of certain AI based systems for streamlined operation, and an advanced cockpit display with a touch screen interface. The AMCA’s avionics suit will be headlined by a large suit of advanced radars and electronic warfare systems.

The AMCA will also reportedly feature thrust vectoring engines for superior manoeuvrability.

The fighter will feature Beyond Visual Range missile targeting capability. In addition to the usual air to air missiles, standoff weapons, and guided bombs, the fighter will also reportedly support directed energy weapon systems.

AMCA is currently expected to make its maiden flight by 2025, with serial production to begin by 2028.

Partnering with South Korea, India seeks to export K9 howitzers to third countries

India is seeking to export the K9 self-propelled howitzer to third countries in cooperation with South Korea, It will be a “win-win” partnership between the two sides.

India recently deployed K9 Howitzers along Line of Actual Control, which are manufactured by the Indian company, Larsen & Toubro, in technical collaboration with the South Korean company Hanwha Defense.

The Indian armed forces are very satisfied with the performance of the K9 Vajra platform, where the K9 Thunder has been very effectively adapted and indigenously built for Indian conditions and requirements.

The variant of the platform also has good potential in third countries, and governments of India and South Korea and their industries are cooperating to take these opportunities forward.

The collaborative project between South Korea and India to produce the K9 Tanks is in tune with New Delhi’s “Make In India” initiative aimed at turning the country into a global manufacturing hub.

India Issues fresh NOTAM, Likely test of Agni-5 MIRV

India has issued a Notice to Airmen (NOTAM) for a launch of an experimental flight vehicle in the Bay of Bengal for the period from 27-28 October.

Danger Zone has been defined for 3000km leading to speculation that it will be a fresh test of either a Agni-5 ballistic missile or a Submarine launched ballistic missile.

NOTAM exactly matches area defined in previous for 23 to 24 September 2021 when DRDO postponed Agni-5 MIRV Trials. India in June earlier this year had tested next generation nuclear capable ballistic missile Agni Prime that has a range of 2,000 kilometers.

DRDO reportedly is also working on Agni 4-P that is an advanced next generation nuclear capable ballistic missile with a range of 4000km to replace the existing missile Agni-4 that is a non canister variant.

DRDO that has been simultaneously working to develop multiple independently targetable re-entry vehicles (MIRVs) for the Agni missiles is planning to demonstrate the technology on the Agni-5 in the upcoming trials.

Will HAL break French Engine Monopoly on Indigenous Helicopters?

Under development since 2015, HAL’s 1200kW Turboshaft engine is been readied for trials soon. HTSE 1200 engine would be used as a power plant for 3 to 6 tons category helicopters and recently HAL announced that the first technology demonstrator was developed after the program achieved 100% speed run on the core engine and also competed Sea level trials of core engine successfully.

India co-developed 1000kW Ardiden 1H1/ Shakti engine that powers the Dhruv and LCH Light Combat Helicopters.

HTSE-1200 engine in the next few months will be extensively tested on all parameters from the HAL facility in its near production stage initially from the ground based facility using a Test Helicopter mockup and later plans to manufacture a prototype that will be mated with the flying testbed helicopter to demonstrate the engine which over next few years will be tested in all parameters and conditions before it can enter production and can be offered as a local substitute to the HALL-Safran Ardiden 1H1/Shakti engine.

HTSE-1200 engine will help break dependence on the French company for the supply of the engine but also create a local ecosystem of the indigenous engine.